Bulletproof vests only work for small arms fire such as .22, .38, 9mm…etc. Even a stronger round such as a .40 S&M, .44 mag, or .45 acp will cause alot of damage. They may not go threw the jacket, but the energy is dissipated VERY quickly. The larger caliper pistol rounds carry a very large amount of energy, and will cause bodily harm even if a vest is used. Ex. a .44 mag to the chest while wearing a bulletproof vest will still literally knock you off your feet and make you airborne. A deer slug will not penetrate, but the force it generates from the impact will turn your insides to mush and will kill you. As far as rifle rounds, Many of them such as a 30-06, .308, .22-270, .270, 7mm mag etc will penetrate a vest like a hot knife threw butter. 50 is just a guy who got VERY VERY lucky and is not a cocky fucker for it. I guarantee you if the person who shot him was any kind of marksman 50 would be 6 feet under.
You also have to look at the materials used for making them. if it is the kind with lead bars, it will absorb much more impact, as a kevlar jacket, but will not be as effective in stopping the penetration.
Its full kevlar not the plates very mobile. we shot it on a tree with a 9mm mac-11 and it didnt penetrate even the outter layer just left a bunch of white marks and a hurt tree def wouldnt wanna get shot the tree was mushy. prolly go out back and shoot it with the xd-40 today see how it holds up lol.