how do manufacturers seal there bottles/jugs?

This is what I do for a living. You can see the black Jars on the ground there and they are essentially for something like this (not specifically this brand)

To the right in that picture is a new extrusion blow molder that produces about 30% of 3 of the most common sizes for the wide mouth jars used for supplements in the US.

When I worked on this project it was my job to ensure the jar could be filled, capped, and sealed properly and pass all the gov’t regulations for materials & cleanliness. Everything down to the grease on the machine has to be FDA certified.