You can go to Philly or Boston where they do the actual processing and get it that day. You need to make an appointment though.
I work for the P.O., we’re expecting a 3 month wait for non-expedited passports. Knock roughly a month off of that to expedite, and if you overnight it there and back, about another month. People who are doing it that way are telling us 3-4 weeks is about the norm, and it’s roughly $200 to do it that way.
Your other option is to find out where you’re going to. A lot of the Caribbean Islands and cruises in that area will accept documentation that you applied for a passport, not the physical passport itself. I’ll try to find the list of countries you can travel to with just proof of application, and the website where you can go to get all of the information and documentation.