I agree with you, but I think you’re wrong to assume that once they’re 12 or whatever that good teachers can’t get through to kids. Even if we cut it down the middle and say only 50% of todays ‘problem’ kids can be reached by a great teacher/school, that’s still a huge number.
Race IMO really has nothing to do with it or little compared to economic status. It’s just that in a lot of urban areas the majority of the lower economic class are black or hispanic.
I think ‘ghetto-culture’ is also a huge contributor to the problem. This goes back to community involvement in neighborhood, etc…